LL-37 analysis

Measures the trifluoroacetic acid left behind by purification. TFA is a counter-ion: it adds weight to the vial without adding peptide, which is why a vial can weigh exactly what the label says and still be underdosed.

The raw instrument files behind the report, so your own chemist can re-integrate the peaks instead of taking our integration on trust.

Targeted screen for fentanyl and its common analogues. A contamination question, not a purity one — trace amounts matter here, and the standard method is not looking for them.

Reports the result as mass-by-mass purity instead of milligrams per vial. Free of charge, and the more useful format for raw powder rather than a finished vial.

Several units from the same batch measured separately, so you see the spread between vials rather than one number that happens to come from one of them.

The pH of the solution as supplied, or of the lyophilizate once reconstituted.

Bacterial endotoxins by LAL, reported in endotoxin units and checked against the pharmacopoeia limit. Endotoxins survive sterilisation and stay invisible to a purity test.

Elemental analysis that separates net peptide from counter-ion salt and residual water. Together with the TFA figure it explains where a missing milligram went.

A second report on the same sample, issued under a different name or client reference.

Mass spectrometric screen for peptides that should not be in the vial at all — cross-contamination from shared synthesis or filling equipment.

The sample is cultured to establish whether viable bacteria or fungi are present. Adds to the turnaround: the incubation period cannot be shortened.

Lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury by ICP-MS, down to ppb level. Relevant for raw material of unknown origin.